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JCI Insight: March 8, 2024, issue

Read full issue (Volume 9, issue 5)

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On the cover:

Kim et al. report that chimeric antigen receptor–modified (CAR-modified) macrophages targeting β amyloid (Aβ) can target and degrade amyloid plaques in vivo in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. The cover image shows Aβ-targeting CAR macrophages (green) spread within the hippocampus of an aged, amyloid plaque–laden (white) mouse brain. Image credit: Ping Yan.
Editorial
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Physician-scientist development: a new category for supporting all stages of the physician-scientist pipeline
Kathleen L. Collins
Research articles
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Bone biology

Resource and Technical Advance
Modeling skeletal dysplasia in Hurler syndrome using patient-derived bone marrow osteoprogenitor cells

A Hurler patient-derived cartilaginous pellet-based system recapitulates disease-associated skeletal alterations and highlights dysregulation of molecular pathways that may contribute to the altered phenotype.

Samantha Donsante, Alice Pievani, Biagio Palmisano, Melissa Finamore, Grazia Fazio, Alessandro Corsi, Andrea Biondi, Shunji Tomatsu, Rocco Piazza, Marta Serafini, and Mara Riminucci

COVID-19

A T cell–based SARS-CoV-2 spike protein vaccine provides protection without antibodies

A vaccine that iduces only SARS-CoV-2-S-specific T cells provides marked protection against viral challenge, supporting effectiveness of current COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Juan Shi, Jian Zheng, Xiujuan Zhang, Wanbo Tai, Ryan Compas, Jack Deno, Natalie Jachym, Abhishek K. Verma, Gang Wang, Xiaoqing Guan, Abby E. Odle, Yushun Wan, Fang Li, Stanley Perlman, Liang Qiao, and Lanying Du

Cardiology

Macrophage-enriched Sectm1a promotes efficient efferocytosis to attenuate ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiac injury

Sectm1a regulates macrophage efferocytosis in ischemic/reperfused hearts.

Xiaohong Wang, Wa Du, Yutian Li, Hui-Hui Yang, Yu Zhang, Rubab Akbar, Hannah Morgan, Tianqing Peng, Jing Chen, Sakthivel Sadayappan, Yueh-Chiang Hu, Yanbo Fan, Wei Huang, and Guo-Chang Fan
Right ventricular cardiomyocyte expansion accompanies cardiac regeneration in newborn mice after large left ventricular infarcts

The adaptive response of the right ventricle following left ventricle infarction at postnatal day 1 enables marked cardiac regeneration and full functional recovery.

Tianyuan Hu, Mona Malek Mohammadi, Fabian Ebach, Michael Hesse, Michael I. Kotlikoff, and Bernd K. Fleischmann

Genetics

Resource and Technical Advance
ADAMTSL2 mutations determine the phenotypic severity in geleophysic dysplasia

ADAMTSL2 variant-espressing models replicate the phenotypic heterogeneity of geleophysic dysplasia in mice, with severity linked to impaired ADAMTSL2 secretion.

Vladimir Camarena, Monique M. Williams, Alejo A. Morales, Mohammad F. Zafeer, Okan V. Kilic, Ali Kamiar, Clemer Abad, Monica A. Rasmussen, Laurence M. Briski, LéShon Peart, Guney Bademci, Deborah S. Barbouth, Sarah Smithson, Gaofeng Wang, Lina A. Shehadeh, Katherina Walz, and Mustafa Tekin
GNAS AS2 methylation status enables mechanism-based categorization of pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1B

A2 methylation of GNAS is regulated by STX16 and NESP55 imprinting control regions, and GNAS A2 methylation status enables pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1B categorization.

Yorihiro Iwasaki, Monica Reyes, Harald Jüppner, and Murat Bastepe
Resource and Technical Advance
A mouse model of Zhu-Tokita-Takenouchi-Kim syndrome reveals indispensable SON functions in organ development and hematopoiesis

SON haploinsufficient mice serve as an animal model of Zhu-Tokita-Takenouchi-Kim syndrome and identify indispensable SON functions in multi-organ development and hematopoiesis.

Lana Vukadin, Bohye Park, Mostafa Mohamed, Huashi Li, Amr Elkholy, Alex Torrelli-Diljohn, Jung-Hyun Kim, Kyuho Jeong, James M. Murphy, Caitlin A. Harvey, Sophia Dunlap, Leah Gehrs, Hanna Lee, Hyung-Gyoon Kim, Jay Prakash Sah, Seth N. Lee, Denise Stanford, Robert A. Barrington, Jeremy B. Foote, Anna G. Sorace, Robert S. Welner, Blake E. Hildreth III, Ssang-Taek Steve Lim, and Eun-Young Erin Ahn

Hematology

High-mobility group box 1 increases platelet surface P2Y12 and platelet activation in sickle cell disease

HMGB1 increases platelet surface P2Y12 and promotes platelet ADP release, thereby enhancing ADP-mediated platelet activation in healthy subjects and individuals with sickle cell disease.

Deirdre Nolfi-Donegan, Gowtham K. Annarapu, Claudette St. Croix, Michael Calderon, Cheryl A. Hillery, and Sruti Shiva

Immunology

PREX1 improves homeostatic proliferation to maintain a naive CD4+ T cell compartment in older age

In the aged immune system, naive CD4+ T cells are selected for increased expression of PREX1 that endows them with enhanced IL7 responsiveness.

Huimin Zhang, Hirohisa Okuyama, Abhinav Jain, Rohit R. Jadhav, Bowen Wu, Ines Sturmlechner, Jose Morales, Shozo Ohtsuki, Cornelia M. Weyand, and Jrg J. Goronzy
Tregs from human blood differentiate into nonlymphoid tissue–resident effector cells upon TNFR2 costimulation

TNFR2 is a driver of the key characteristics of effector/memory Treg cells in a wide range of non-lymphoid tissues in health and disease.

Mark Mensink, Lotte J. Verleng, Ellen Schrama, George M.C. Janssen, Rayman T.N. Tjokrodirijo, Peter A. van Veelen, Qinyue Jiang, M. Fernanda Pascutti, Marie-Louise van der Hoorn, Michael Eikmans, Sander de Kivit, and Jannie Borst
Iron regulatory proteins 1 and 2 have opposing roles in regulating inflammation in bacterial orchitis

Iron regulatory proteins 1 and 2 modulate the immune response and tissue damage during uropathogenic Escherichia coli-mediated orchitis.

Niraj Ghatpande, Aileen Harrer, Bar Azoulay-Botzer, Noga Guttmann-Raviv, Sudhanshu Bhushan, Andreas Meinhardt, and Esther G. Meyron-Holtz
Human MAIT cells inhibit alloreactive T cell responses and protect against acute graft-versus-host disease

Mucosal-associated invariant T cells have an intrinsic regulatory function that suppresses alloreactive T cell responses that protect against GVHD in vitro and in vivo.

Nana Talvard-Balland, Marion Lambert, Mathieu F. Chevalier, Norbert Minet, Marion Salou, Marie Tourret, Armelle Bohineust, Idan Milo, Véronique Parietti, Thomas Yvorra, Gérard Socié, Olivier Lantz, and Sophie Caillat-Zucman
DDIT4L regulates mitochondrial and innate immune activities in early life

The negative mTOR regulator DDIT4L has a developmental role in human neonatal myeloid cell by limiting cytokine production and reconfiguring mitochondrial dynamics.

Christina Michalski, Claire Cheung, Ju Hee Oh, Emma Ackermann, Constantin R. Popescu, Anne-Sophie Archambault, Martin A. Prusinkiewicz, Rachel Da Silva, Abdelilah Majdoubi, Marina Viñeta Paramo, Rui Yang Xu, Frederic Reicherz, Annette E. Patterson, Liam Golding, Ashish A. Sharma, Chinten J. Lim, Paul C. Orban, Ramon I. Klein Geltink, and Pascal M. Lavoie
Loss of T follicular regulatory cell–derived IL-1R2 augments germinal center reactions via increased IL-1

IL-1 promotes antibody production after germinal center T and B cell interaction, while IL-1 receptor 2 from regulatory cells inhibits IL-1 and reduces antibody generation.

Katerina Pyrillou, Melanie Humphry, Lauren A. Kitt, Amanda Rodgers, Meritxell Nus, Martin R. Bennett, Kenneth G.C. Smith, Paul A. Lyons, Ziad Mallat, and Murray C.H. Clarke

Inflammation

Purine nucleoside phosphorylase inhibition is an effective approach for the treatment of chemical hemorrhagic cystitis

The purine nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitor 8-aminoguanine reduces pain and prevents damage in a rat model of hemorrhagic cystitis.

Amanda Wolf-Johnston, Youko Ikeda, Irina Zabbarova, Anthony J. Kanai, Sheldon Bastacky, Robert Moldwin, Joel N.H. Stern, Edwin K. Jackson, and Lori A. Birder

Microbiology

Age-related dysregulation of intestinal epithelium fucosylation is linked to an increased risk of colon cancer

Excessive gut epithelial cell fucosylation increases the risk of colon cancer in the elderly.

Zhihan Wang, Pan Gao, Kai Guo, Grace Schirrick, Jappreet Singh Gill, Jett Weis, Abby Lund Da Costa, Mansib Rahman, Het Mehta, Julia Fleecs, Shilpi Jain, Trishna Debnath, Junguk Hur, Nadeem Khan, Robert Sticca, Holly M. Brown-Borg, Donald A. Jurivich, and Ramkumar Mathur

Oncology

Norepinephrine induces anoikis resistance in high-grade serous ovarian cancer precursor cells

Norepinephrine exposure promotes a prometastatic phenotype in fallopian tube epithelial cells that potentiates micrometastasis of high grade serous carcinoma precursor lesions to the ovary.

Hunter D. Reavis, Stefan M. Gysler, Grace B. McKenney, Matthew Knarr, Hannah J. Lusk, Priyanka Rawat, Hannah S. Rendulich, Marilyn A. Mitchell, Dara S. Berger, Jamie S. Moon, Suyeon Ryu, Monica Mainigi, Marcin P. Iwanicki, Dave S. Hoon, Laura M. Sanchez, and Ronny Drapkin

Pulmonology

Activator protein transcription factors coordinate human IL-33 expression from noncanonical promoters in chronic airway disease

Baseline and activated IL-33 expression can be regulated in the respiratory epithelium and these pathways are dysregulated in chronic airway disease.

Heather E. Raphael, Ghandi F. Hassan, Omar A. Osorio, Lucy S. Cohen, Morgan D. Payne, Ella Katz-Kiriakos, Ishana Tata, Jamie Hicks, Derek E. Byers, Bo Zhang, and Jen Alexander-Brett

Transplantation

AXL inhibition suppresses early allograft monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and prolongs allograft survival

Receptor tyrosine kinase AXL drives of early differentiation of allograft-infiltrating monocytes to inflammatory macrophages, and AXL inhibition prolongs allograft survival.

Collin Z. Jordan, Matthew Tunbridge, Irma Husain, Hiroki Kitai, Miriam E. Dilts, Olivia K. Fay, Koki Abe, Catherine Xiang, Jean Kwun, Tomokazu Souma, Edward B. Thorp, and Xunrong Luo

Vaccines

Impaired innate and adaptive immune responses to BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in systemic lupus erythematosus

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination reduces innate, T cell, and B cell immune responses in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, highlighting a need for population-specific vaccination studies.

Kavita Y. Sarin, Hong Zheng, Yashaar Chaichian, Prabhu S. Arunachalam, Gayathri Swaminathan, Alec Eschholz, Fei Gao, Oliver F. Wirz, Brandon Lam, Emily Yang, Lori W. Lee, Allan Feng, Matthew A. Lewis, Janice Lin, Holden T. Maecker, Scott D. Boyd, Mark M. Davis, Kari C. Nadeau, Bali Pulendran, Purvesh Khatri, Paul J. Utz, and Lisa C. Zaba

Vascular biology

Endothelial TDP-43 controls sprouting angiogenesis and vascular barrier integrity, and its deletion triggers neuroinflammation

Endothelial DNA/RNA-binding protein TDP-43 is essential for formation of a stable and mature vasculature, and loss of TDP-43 results in vascular defects and inflammation.

Víctor Arribas, Yara Onetti, Marina Ramiro-Pareta, Pilar Villacampa, Heike Beck, Mariona Alberola, Anna Esteve-Codina, Angelika Merkel, Markus Sperandio, Ofelia M. Martínez-Estrada, Bettina Schmid, and Eloi Montanez
CDK1 inhibition reduces osteogenesis in endothelial cells in vascular calcification

CDK1 inhibition prevents vascular calcification through induction of E-twenty-six specific sequence variant 2.

Yan Zhao, Yang Yang, Xiuju Wu, Li Zhang, Xinjiang Cai, Jaden Ji, Sydney Chen, Abigail Vera, Kristina I. Boström, and Yucheng Yao
Corrigendum
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Circadian regulation of lung repair and regeneration
Amruta Naik, Kaitlyn M. Forrest, Oindrila Paul, Yasmine Issah, Utham K. Valekunja, Soon Y. Tang, Akhilesh B. Reddy, Elizabeth J. Hennessy, Thomas G. Brooks, Fatima Chaudhry, Apoorva Babu, Michael Morley, Jarod A. Zepp, Gregory R. Grant, Garret A. FitzGerald, Amita Sehgal, G. Scott Worthen, David B. Frank, Edward E. Morrisey, and Shaon Sengupta

In-Press Previews

Published February 22, 2024, at 12:00 PM EST
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Research
Rapamycin rescues loss-of-function in blood-brain barrier-interacting regulatory T cells
Paulien Baeten, Ibrahim Hamad, Cindy Hoeks, Michael Hiltensperger, Bart Van Wijmeersch, Veronica Popescu, Lilian Aly, Veerle Somers, Thomas Korn, Markus Kleinewietfeld, Niels Hellings, Bieke Broux
Research
Enhancing CAR-T cell metabolism to overcome hypoxic conditions in the brain tumor microenvironment
Ryusuke Hatae, Keith Kyewalabye, Akane Yamamichi, Tiffany Chen, Su Phyu, Pavlina Chuntova, Takahide Nejo, Lauren S. Levine, Matthew H. Spitzer, Hideho Okada
Published February 27, 2024, at 12:00 PM EST
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Research
Allelic heterogeneity of TTNtv cardiomyopathy can be modeled in adult zebrafish
Ping Zhu, Jiarong Li, Feixiang Yan, Shahidul Islam, Xueying Lin, Xiaolei Xu
Published February 29, 2024, at 12:00 PM EST
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Research
HSPA12A maintains aerobic glycolytic homeostasis and Histone3 lactylation in cardiomyocytes to attenuate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury
Wansu Yu, Qiuyue Kong, Surong Jiang, Yunfan Li, Zhaohe Wang, Qian Mao, Xiaojin Zhang, Qianhui Liu, Pengjun Zhang, Yuehua Li, Chuanfu Li, Zhengnian Ding, Li Liu
Published March 5, 2024, at 12:00 PM EST
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Research
TGF-β1 induces PD-1 expression in macrophages through SMAD3-STAT3 cooperative signaling in chronic inflammation
Zhigang Lei, Rui Tang, Yu Wu, Chenxu Mao, Weijie Xue, Junyao Shen, Jiaojiao Yu, Xiaohong Wang, Xin Qi, Chuan Wei, Lei Xu, Jifeng Zhu, Yalin Li, Xiujun Zhang, Chunyan Ye, Xiaojun Chen, Xiaojun Yang, Sha Zhou, Chuan Su
Research
CD93 maintains endothelial barrier function and limits metastatic dissemination
Kalyani Vemuri, Beatriz de Alves Pereira, Patricia Fuenzalida, Yelin Subashi, Stefano Barbera, Luuk van Hooren, Marie Hedlund, Fredrik Pontén, Cecilia Lindskog, Anna-Karin Olsson, Roberta Lugano, Anna Dimberg
Research
Differentially disrupted spinal cord and muscle energy metabolism in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy
Danielle DeBartolo, Frederick J. Arnold, Yuhong Liu, Elana Molotsky, Hsin-Yao Tang, Diane E. Merry
Published March 7, 2024, at 12:00 PM EST
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Research
Phase separation of SHP2E76K promotes malignant transformation of mesenchymal stem cells by activating mitochondrial complexes
Chen Kan, Zhenya Tan, Liwei Liu, Bo Liu, Li Zhan, Jicheng Zhu, Xiaofei Li, Keqiong Lin, Jia Liu, Yakun Liu, Fan Yang, Mandy Wong, Siying Wang, Hong Zheng
Research
Lack of SPNS1 results in accumulation of lysolipids and lysosomal storage disease in mouse models
Hoa T.T. Ha, SiYi Liu, Xuan T.A. Nguyen, Linh K. Vo, Nancy C.P. Leong, Dat T. Nguyen, Shivaranjani Balamurugan, Pei Yen Lim, YaJun Wu, Eunju Seong, Toan Q. Nguyen, Jeongah Oh, Markus R. Wenk, Amaury Cazenave-Gassiot, Zuhal Yapici, Wei-Yi Ong, Margit Burmeister, Long N. Nguyen
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